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Posted: Tue 7:46, 26 Apr 2011 Post subject: The fundamental solution lies in farmers conversio |
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The fundamental solution lies in farmers conversion
With the burden caused by farmers throughout the country frequently vicious incident occurred, the The reason for the agriculture-related serious incidents occur frequently, because the income of the farmers continued to decline in recent years, growing a variety of unbearable burden. It is estimated that rising costs in the case of agriculture, the current conventional farming has been profitable, with China's accession to WTO to the adverse effects of agriculture, farmers face a very grim situation in the future. The one hand, the sharp drop in income, on the other hand is a heavy burden, two factors in order to attack from the trend, farmers and exacerbated the conflict between grassroots governments. To effectively prevent the occurrence of serious incidents, together with the peasants and the government out of the woods, there's only one pass, and that is doing everything possible to increase their income, which is completely solve the One, the various existing measures to increase farmers can not fundamentally solve the way out to enable farmers to increase income, the Government and implemented, such as adjusting the agricultural structure, promote agricultural industrialization, big way township enterprises, the increase in prices of agricultural products, reduce the burden on peasants and a series of major initiatives. In addition, several decades to beefing terraces, irrigation, promotion of modern agricultural technologies, such as promoting the use of improved Zizhong and film, etc., are to increase production, an important measure to increase revenue. However, whether these measures can not completely solve the income problem? The following do some rough analysis of this. 1, adjusting the agricultural structure. That is, from the traditional food production, steering the development of a variety of business, what can be sold for money to do anything. At present, rural areas across the country are But everywhere that the country engaged in the long run, will make the convergence of industrial structure of agriculture, the emergence of new disorders. Moreover, the industrial structure should be regulated by the market, by executive order to artificially adjust the result is often counter-productive. Is well known that higher tobacco tax return of a few years ago, a lot of local grass-roots government to increase revenue, the name of the banner of industrial restructuring forced farmers to plant tobacco, the tobacco farmers did not grow to punish, and sometimes both flue-cured tobacco acreage and production turned over several times. However, the state monopoly on tobacco products, tobacco like vegetables, fruits that flow directly into the market, but can only be sold to tobacco companies, the country's tobacco factory to so many, also a big handling capacity, too much tobacco the tobacco companies do not acquired, the result leaves a lot of backlog, so that farmers eat a lot of headaches. Visible, even if the industrial structure adjustment, the income limit are still subject to market demand. 2, promote agricultural industrialization. Namely through the creation of various types of leading enterprises, production, processing and sales of industrial chains to increase the marginal benefit of agriculture. Founder of the leading companies need a lot of money, but there was almost no agricultural surplus, but farmers do not have the adequate financing capacity, it is difficult to leading enterprises in large numbers. The planned economy period established by the government-funded enterprises in a market economy increasingly difficult to survive, if the agricultural product market demand, the company profitable, only closing down or converting, the fragile chain also will be ruthlessly cut off. Industrial development from the situation in the country of view, this path is very difficult,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], only a small number of the more developed regions of the formation of the industrial prototype, for the most remote rural areas, it is not conditional such a way to go, so Through this way is unthinkable to a large area to increase their income. 3, the development of township enterprises. Needless to say, early in the development of township enterprises is indeed a lot to absorb surplus rural labor has become an important channel for peasants to increase income. But as competition intensifies, the number of weak management, poor products and lack of capital, technology investment companies were eliminated, while another group of competitive enterprises through restructuring, reorganization and transformation, from turning into a labor-intensive technology, capital-intensive enterprises, which not only can not absorb a large number of rural surplus labor, but also continue outside the exclusion of migrant workers. In recent years, township enterprises from the slower to absorb the reality of migrant workers as well as exclusion of view, this channel has become more of a jam increases. With the further increase market competition and technological advances, but also because the overall quality of the migrant workers in the natural low, to a large number of township enterprises to absorb migrant workers there will not be produced and the survival of the soil and climate. 4, increased prices of agricultural products. Since reform and opening, the Government has repeatedly raised by the implementation of some agricultural prices and agricultural subsidies, to a certain extent, increase the income of farmers, protect the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain. But with the gradual establishment of market economy and accession to WTO, agricultural prices will eventually have to be adjusted by the market can no longer rely on executive orders by the government to determine. Just from the price of view, the cost of agricultural production in developed countries is much lower than domestic, and thus far lower than international market prices of the domestic food market, so China's traditional agriculture would be completely lost competitiveness. In this case, the expected rise in food prices to increase through the income of farmers in the future has become impossible. The stark reality is, WTO, the developed countries the bulk of agricultural products, low prices will impact on the domestic market, resulting in farmers engaged in traditional agriculture to further massive unemployment and bankruptcies, which increase income for farmers, it is nothing worse. Therefore, Premier Zhu Rongji said that he was most worried about WTO agriculture. 5, reduce the burden on farmers. The real burden of farmers are farmers did not fully enjoy And urban residents and state cadres and workers, especially compared to a year's cash income of farmers, cadres and workers of only one or two months the national income. National cadres and workers of more than 800 yuan monthly salary before personal income tax, while the farmers are at a very low income levels to take various types of taxes, both income and the burden of contrast too great. Moreover, the state cadres and workers also enjoy medical insurance, pension insurance, and other explicit and implicit social welfare, and without any benefits not only farmers, but also commitment to the national cadres and workers do not bear several costs. For example, in the city schools, and roads by the state's financial burden, in the rural areas have to pay by the farmers themselves. In recent years by reducing the town to eat Farmer's .
can be seen from the above analysis, the current income but are an expedient way, in part or period of time so that farmers can increase, in the long run but not from fundamental solution to the peasant way out. Currently engaged in the restructuring of the agricultural industry, but a fine-tuning within the agricultural system, does not make revolutionary changes in agriculture itself, but will not change one, two, three major industrial pattern. From a national perspective, the degree of agricultural industrialization in China is relatively low, most rural areas do not have the conditions for the realization of agricultural industrialization, and industrialization in this part of farmers, from the point of view the number of the rural labor force will not exceed 10 %, so all the simple ways of agriculture on agricultural caught, do not fundamentally solve the problem way out of farmers. Second, the farmers engaged in non-agricultural income has become an important or main channel closer look at farmers in recent years, the main way to obtain income , you will find such a basic fact: Government has been committed to the development of agriculture itself to solve the income problem, but most of the income of farmers, especially cash income, but from the non-agricultural industries. This result is really the government had the unexpected. Most of the income of farmers and most of their income comes from non-agricultural industry, a sign that is raging between urban and rural areas every year, Peng Pai's Reason for causing It is estimated that China's rural labor force is currently about 4-5 billion, while half of the existing arable land only 1 billion people even business would be sufficient. In order to get rid of a lot of hidden labor surplus problems of unemployment, and only to the city to earn an estimated annual farmers go out to work in between 80 to 100 million. It is understood that in some traditional agriculture is still the dominant place, almost every family there are people who work outside the home, and some or all of the Jingzhuang village labor force work outside the home, and go out to work far more than the number of the number of people engaged in agricultural production. The more harsh natural conditions where the more Followed by the farmers to go out to earn a living wage has become an important main channel as well. Currently, the capacity of rural land has reached its limit, the growth of crop production is close to the limit, too much labor in the earth plane gathering food to eat, can barely maintain subsistence life, in any case not completely solve the problem of money This prompted the farmers to make money just go out to work. It is understood that farmers in many parts of the income obtained from work, have accounted for a large part of the per capita net income, cash income of farmers are basically come from the work. Third, better-off farmers in rural areas the majority are engaged in non-agricultural industries. As
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