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China's primary commercial banks _ Bank of Prevention and Countermeasures Management Paper


one, meaning the interest rate risk and the importance of prevention interest rate risk refers to changes in interest rates during a given period and the duration of assets and liabilities to commercial banks do not match the income and Net asset value of the potential impact. Bank for International Settlements Committee on Banking Supervision that the interest rate risk posed by two factors: investment risk and return risk. Investment risk is the risk to fixed-rate interest rate changes and balance sheet items and the possibility of loss of business formation; income risk is the change in borrowing rates and lending rates are not synchronized resulting in revenue loss. Interest rate risk management assets and liabilities of Western commercial banks, an important part of management is to increase the bank's business income, stability of the banking market value of the major tools. as interest rates continued to deepen market-oriented reform, interest rate risk prevention in our country the role of bank management is becoming increasingly prominent. In particular in: (1) level of interest rates by the capital market supply and demand in the currency or central bank regulation of the decision on the basis of a single bank can only predict and adapt to, can not influence and change; (2) interest rate fluctuations more frequent, deeper Bank operating income increased instability; (3) the market environment in which banks are more complex and cost analysis of capital requirements more demanding; (4) depreciation of assets and liabilities open position risk of exposure to the coexistence of rising costs bank net assets increased possibility of adverse effects; (5) fluctuations in foreign currency and interest rate direction is inconsistent, the stock of bank asset management and incremental foreign currency investment decision-making more difficult. Second, the current primary to commercial banks in China to prevent the main problems 1. The importance of interest rate risk management, lack of knowledge. As the reform lags, the current levels of state-owned commercial banks have not yet become a true unincorporated business sector entities to carry out daily operations to a passive index-based evaluation by superiors, plan ahead, take the initiative to hedge interest rate risk awareness is clearly insufficient. Coupled with the current interest rate reform in China is still in continuous exploration stage, less market-oriented interest rates, a considerable part of the community financial institutions to resolve the basic interest rate risk is not aware of the importance of sound operation, much less effective against interest rate risk. 2. Interest rate risk management system is not perfect. Limited autonomy of commercial bank interest rates, affect the interest rate risk management initiative. Local city commercial banks, urban and rural credit cooperatives and other small financial institutions, decision-making early warning system is not established, interest rate risk management and control of the lack of effective sources of information. In the separate operation of the existing system of separate supervision, China's banking interest rate risk of financial institutions to avoid the lack of effective means of implementation and operation of the specific environment. 3. The interest rate risk management methods and means behind. Primary commercial banks to hand-rolled position, the provisional schedule of assets and liabilities based funds management tools, it is difficult to adapt to the foreign currency market interest rates gradually after the operation of increasingly complex competitive situation, the absence of sound information collection, compilation, processing tools, lack of interest rate risk management and strong operational controls and effective grass-roots interest rate risk management in commercial banks in China is also the question. 4. A single asset and liability structure, the bank interest rate risk is too concentrated. In: the slow development of intermediary business revenue sources of a single, poor stability; deposit and loan business market segment is not enough, the interest rate structure with a scientific, risk concentration; liabilities are dependence rigidity, through the inter-bank lending and bond market initiative to borrow funds a small number, accounting for lower interest rates independent pricing power is limited; cross-border and foreign currency investment and credit restrictions are more banks to avoid interest rate risk is limited. 5. Lack of basic banking rights awareness, customer interest rate risk highlighted selectively. Deposits for the stable and high quality large loans to customers, part of the primary commercial banks, As result of interest rate risk of customer default losses are difficult to avoid. 6. Interest rate risk management, senior human resources are scarce. Community financial institutions to accept the real interest rate risk management system too few trained personnel, the forecast of interest rates, interest rate risk identification and control are poor, tired of the daily work of national implementation and execution of interest rate policy, it is difficult targeted in advance to take measures to effectively hedge interest rate risk. Third, improve the level of interest rate risk prevention measures 1. Establish a sound interest rate risk management system. Include: internal funds commercial banks to rationalize the pricing mechanism, enhance the market competitiveness of commercial banks grassroots and resilience; sound operation of asset-liability management system of science to enhance interest rate risk management decisions more scientific; establish a sound internal control mechanism of interest rate risk; regulate commercial bank interest rate pricing authorization, execution, supervision and other aspects of behavior; healthy rate of information transmission mechanism, enhance the market interest rate the timeliness of information transmission and so on. 2. Perfect for basic characteristics of interest rate risk management information system to improve the scientific nature of interest rate risk management. Pay close attention to the development of both data acquisition, processing, dynamic simulation capabilities of management information system, integrated management of assets and liabilities increase the accuracy and timeliness, as the interest rate risk management decisions to improve the quality of information support and provide technical support. 3. Appropriate financial deregulation, encourage and guide commercial banks to spread the use of derivative financial instruments and hedge interest rate risk. In step establish a deposit insurance system suitable for China at the same time,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], actively learn from foreign experience, and strive for the commercial banks interest rate futures, interest rate options, interest rate swaps and other derivatives to carry out financial business to create a favorable external environment to enable flexible use of various Derivative financial instruments and combinations, the maximum to avoid interest rate risk. 4. To open up business areas, to develop intermediary business. Primary commercial banks to improve market positioning and segmentation, based on the spread of non-profits to develop intermediary business model, reduce business dependence on spread income. 5. Good job on the interest rate risk management, selection and training of personnel. Commercial banks and corporate institutions should strive to cultivate a large number of Jidong computer technology but also understands the financial theory, not only understands but also understands the macro-management of daily operations, interest rate risk management techniques familiar high-quality talent, interest rate risk management at the grassroots level to provide increased levels of protection of intellectual support and organization. 6. To strengthen the control of customer interest rate risk of default. Primary commercial banking business as soon as possible to establish a correct concept of competition, from the overall situation, strict implementation of national regulations on interest rates, interest rates and consciously resist unreasonable breach of customer requirements, to minimize the risk of customer default rates occur. market, the So, to make the long-term healthy development of the stock market, stock market positioning error of this scarce resource must be corrected, the market must be the 2001 years, a number of factors contributed to the market that are repositioning scarce resources. First, the new shares issued by the approval system into the past approval system, while for the PT companies to establish a delisting mechanism. Canceled the listing of the former indicators, making the market index is no longer a scarce resource, the latter facilitated the decline in the value of listed companies shell resources.

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