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Key words: gap between rich and poor; interests of the uneven; gap; fair; Harmony Abstract: The topic of a harmonious society become the focus of attention, because on the one hand, China's social divide between rich and poor and the poor. Despite the gap between rich and poor people caused by on the efficiency and fairness, equality of opportunity and equality of results of the divide between rich and poor as well as the reasonableness of such issues as there are still objections, but the gap between urban and rural areas, trade gap, the gap between regions and different income groups suffered Unfair treatment of a serious problem, to reduce the gap between rich and poor, and balanced the interests of differences on such issues as has been common aspiration of the people, is imperative. As a result, should result from China's growing gap between rich and poor on the facts and reasons to proceed, and constantly search for solutions to problems and guide social stability, harmonious direction.
Rich and the poor condition of our current discussion of social


Abstract: The topic of a harmonious society become the focus of attention, one aspect of Chinese society due to increased differentiation between rich and poor. Although the gap between rich and poor caused by people on the efficiency and fairness, equality of opportunity and equality of results as well as the rationality of rich-poor divide and other issues still disputed, but in the urban-rural gap, trade gap, regional disparities and different income groups do not suffer justice of the problems to be solved, in reducing the wealth gap, balancing different interests and so on, have the people want, is imperative. Therefore, should result in a growing gap between rich and poor in China facts and reasons for working, constantly looking for solutions to problems, and guide society towards stability, towards harmony.
Primer 1,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], under the intensification of conflicts vandalism 2004 年 12 20 December, Shaoyang City Fu Italian Italian real estate company and the person in charge of construction of the Secretary of Shaoyang County Deng was born in Shaoyang Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou Festival City building dispute because of smashed cars, Deng nodes with suddenly fell down dead. Followed a rare occurrence of large-scale \The thwarted behavior, no one will know you. Fu Italy in the \Those involved in the \2, the hatred of the rich or the hatred of corruption years ago, Mr Wu told the International Management Association awarded the Outstanding Achievement Award, the emergence of many private enterprises of various issues, he pointed out that corruption should distinguish between two kinds of hatred of the rich and the hatred psychological, for the original sin of private enterprises is not suitable for reference. Should be by hard work and efforts by business and by the power of the outbreak were separated. 3, in the process of peasant birth to death one by one \ The first is the \According to the survey data show that: Compared with 20 years ago, and now the costs of children rise at least 100 times. Followed by \For children to school, some farmers Zaguomaitie, some farmers melancholy suicide, ... ... once again is \described as \Because of poverty, migrant workers can not afford a lawyer, not afford to go the court, can not raise the sword of the law. There is \caught in a \Farmers not only \> 1, equity and efficiency of the fight early stage of China's economic reform remarkable achievements, is to make rural areas and farmers in the production and living standards greatly improved, and this actually reduced the overall distribution of income within China the degree of inequality. But then many people praised the farmers within a one-sided level of income inequality has increased, that only increase the inequality of income distribution will lead to economic prosperity. This leads to so long as the \And they call the \Under the guidance in this concept, many people talk about \ To China's current stage of economic and social development, how to coordinate the relationship between the two has become a difficult decision. On the one hand, China is still in a current era of economic development, social equity at the expense if the cost of economic growth, and it is not desirable. But from another perspective, the face of rapid economic growth and the growing gap between rich and poor reality shift more attention to social equity up is absolutely necessary. Therefore, it simply replaced with the economic and social development as the central building as the center is not appropriate. Too much to assume the economic functions of government is the phenomenon of fundamental change should occur. This means that to create a transcendent, to public service as the basic functions of government. In other words, the Government persist in taking economic construction as the center, to promote social justice as one of the basic functions of government. 2, equality of opportunity and the result is fair Hayek in his \【4】 Hayek's concept of \Another layer of meaning: each person is actually different, therefore, must be differences in treatment, is the real equality. Ethic of individualism Hayek another saying is \ \Hayek is also seen. Human equality is equality of opportunity, but there is a difference people, so people can grasp the opportunity to grasp the extent of the opportunity, subjective level of effort is different, and sometimes is a big difference, So the result is not and should not equal. Community to provide the individual a prerequisite for equality, equal opportunities, and then let the people on this basis, free play, this is conducive to the continuous development of people, in the competition system, it can be survival of the fittest. This inequality is reasonable and necessary progress of human beings, in competition with each other to promote common development. Thus, even in highly developed productive forces, the future of society, but also can not require \effect will be reflected on the target object. So in this sense, is indeed equal to oppose the people. However, from the \Against the people of equality should not be opposed to acts aimed at promoting equality of opportunity. In a market economy, there are also issues such as unfair competition. Why are there these problems? Because the state provides legal, economic, political system and market economy system is imperfect, and not for everyone, the premise of social behavior to ensure equality, equality of opportunity. In the social transition, the problem is more dramatic, due to various imperfections of the system, so these can be avoided in improving the system of inequality is manifested, such as China's urban-rural gap, the gap between what the phenomenon of unequal , to the parties in the economy, hinder the development of equality. Require state intervention, so that equality and harmonious development. Equality of process, but also all aspects of the system improvement process. 3, on the wealth gap between the reasonable doubts According to media reports, a statistician that the gap between rich and poor in China is generally reasonable. The reason is that China is a typical dual economic structure of the country, the Gini coefficient can not look at the general standard of China. For a country not a dual economy, the Gini coefficient may be useful, but the majority of China's rural population, the Gini coefficient to enlarge some of it works. Reason for such judgments can not be established. In fact, China's current dual economic structure is largely caused by human enhancement, which itself is an unjust and unreasonable phenomenon. From the vertical perspective, the farmers for the contribution of China's modernization should return the same degree of social disproportionate, and thus the dual economic structure to be strengthened. To go all out to promote industrialization, from 1952-1986, the state through the price \pulled out of the 686.812 billion yuan of capital in the 60's throughout the country each year financial income of only a few hundred billion. 【5】 hard to imagine without the support of rural areas,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], China's modernization will be the situation today, but farmers are increasingly exposed directly to strengthen the dual economic structure. This is a serious violation of the between generations should have a fair criteria. From the horizontal point of view, many of the existing social and economic policy is to maintain and even strengthen the dual economic structure in the. For example,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the household registration system is in maintaining and strengthening a social status hierarchy, and differentiated treatment, such as employment policy, social security policy is to maintain and strengthen the separation between the urban and rural residents. These, no doubt contributed to the man's dual economic structure in China, is a very typical injustice. Looking back 20 years, a \The economic development of the next 20 years not so simple to quadruple its total economic output, but environmental pollution can not quadruple, the gap between what can not be a quadrupling of energy consumption can not quadruple, quadruple the wealth gap can not be , differences between urban and rural areas can not quadruple, and so 【6】 suffering in rural China since the old white surname deeply grateful to Chairman Mao, but the economic reform and opening up the development of indifference, because it has nothing to do well in them, at least They will always think so, and grumbling everywhere. Third, China is currently divided between rich and poor status of 1, bikini coefficient the wealth gap in China at this stage whether reasonable? In this regard, it should be integrated with multiple criteria to measure, the Gini coefficient which is a comprehensive index. Deepen the reform period since the 90's has been increasing social divide between rich and poor. Studies have shown that characterize the degree of differentiation of the Gini coefficient over the internationally recognized warning line (0.3 ~ 0.4), the national per capita income of urban and rural households the Gini coefficient reached 0.4577. By 1995, the country's Gini coefficient was 0.445. The value of the Gini coefficient than the 1983 estimate of 16 percentage points higher than the 1988 estimate of 7 percentage points higher. The national Gini coefficient of 1 percent average annual rate of the rise. 【7】 under the most relevant research results of experts, China's Gini coefficient is 0.458 or more, some scholars even think that more than 0.49. Even at 0.458 to count, China's Gini coefficient is now beyond a reasonable range. 【8】 2, China's industrial layout of urban and rural divide and community building, since 1949, on the one hand, under the planned economic system the pattern of redistribution of resources, at the expense of agriculture and rural development to accumulate, making the sustainable development of community resources are concentrated in cities, and formed a large development gap between urban and rural areas and more sharp contradiction between urban and rural development. On the other hand, even in urban communities, in the allocation of resources, but also the distribution of power in a single function, and the division of the state, so that the inequality in urban development patterns have emerged: First, resources were concentrated in few large cities,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and is border closed, simple functional morphology of urban communities of consumption; Second, other medium and small cities it is only a few large cities to serve a single functional unit - is mandatory central planning to ask to these cities low, even free of charge or provide certain scarce resources, or supply some of the characteristics of goods, or transportation development of big cities who need to master skills, and development of their own cities were placed on standard plans or schemes (so-called \pot \【9】 from the urban-rural income gap, if the net of the cost for farmers to expand production, then city residents come in a variety of benefits are calculated, then the actual gap between urban and rural areas in China has reached a 5:1 or 6:1. This figure is almost highest in the world. 【10】 now,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], half of the farmers in rural China for economic reasons of coverage. Because of coverage of Midwestern farmers, died at home as high as 60% -80% 3, industry, the income gap between from the industry point of view, China is now the industry is a big gap between the The. Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics survey shows that in 2001 the city's 86 major industries, the highest-wage industries and the difference of 6.6 times the minimum wage sector, the gap between them has increased more than 1.9 times in 2000. Some scholars have pointed out that the total number of households in China's richest 20% of household income, possession of more than 51% of total income, while 20% only 4% of low-income households. From the perspective of subjective experience, most members of society has been that the wealth gap is a serious social problem in China. 【11】 four, resulting in the widening gap between rich and poor in China because 1, unequal distribution of wealth policy First, let us look at how China into a polarization of the social crisis. Defense of the current polarization of rich and poor people always say, this is the process of transition to a market economy inevitable. In fact, the transition to a market economy alone will not cause such a serious divide between rich and poor, today we have unequal distribution of income and wealth in the last 20 years largely due to economic policy bias. Efficiency in the long not fair thought, the increased inequality in income and wealth distribution approach first in the Chinese economy is almost always only give preferential market economy in a strong group. 20 years, China's economic policy has become a habit, this is the only preferential policies to the rich only in rich areas and wealthy individuals to policies. A foreign tax benefits policy that the polarization between rich and poor manufacturing mainly in favor of tax breaks on foreign-funded enterprises. The highest income group in China today is one of the higher income in the foreign company. Many people think that this particularly high salary comes from the high efficiency of foreign-funded enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises in fact, much of this huge amount of payroll is the government's tax policies caused. This preferential tax policy deformity not only in the statutory tax rate, and in the foreign-funded enterprises has been enjoying a lower tax rate of Chinese enterprises, certain number of years of income tax relief, but also the level of performance in the operating mode of tax collection. Chinese enterprises, more than a certain amount is not included in the cost of wages, and should be considered part of profits to employees should be paid not only to the corresponding personal income tax, enterprises should pay the corresponding income tax for this. But this approach did not apply to foreign-invested enterprises to their employees wages, salaries for foreign employees can not be regarded as corporate profits, which do not have to pay the corresponding income tax. In this unequal tax treatment, the Chinese enterprises due to the heavy tax burden and difficult to raise wages, but because of foreign tax burden is lighter and be willing to give their employees paid. In fact, foreign companies paid to their employees is largely holding the Chinese government's corporate income tax Song Renqing. Foreign-funded enterprises in China is generally higher than salaries, which to some extent due to special tax incentives. B state-owned enterprises unfair treatment of workers in China in recent years, distribution of wealth and income inequality increased further, mainly because of the state policy in terms of staff and workers of state-owned enterprises unfair treatment, cutting off the state-owned long-term development of the posterior. First state-owned enterprises spun off tens of millions of people. This state-owned enterprise employees, \status - they are often forced to thousands of dollars or even just a few thousand dollars to buy out the length of service, from the government free from the obligation to provide them with pensions, which makes many of them may not be any future pensions. In addition, long-term development from the state-owned enterprises, since the policy shift since the reform and opening up, the government basically not to enterprises significant financial investment. The main state-owned enterprises can be \Never seen a state-owned enterprises to all tax breaks, and only know that whenever the government finances are tight, Take all possible items, even against the law and policy provisions of the ways to increase taxes on state-owned enterprises. In the actual collection process, the use of administrative means to safeguard the one-sided \【12】 combined effect of these two factors result, the state sector to bear a disproportionate burden on the state-owned enterprises in the proportion of total tax revenue significantly higher than that in the whole economy in the proportion of total output. In this case, since we have not so far form an effective mechanism for increasing the value of state assets, the first so-called \It will give businesses all the power are the director or manager of a person, not the operation of its funds to any oversight. The result is convenient for the few managers of state-owned enterprises vigorously engaged in serving consumer, enterprise funds of carelessness, and even embezzle public property, since the 20th century, the rise of 90 state-owned enterprises do \becomes a privileged few people to transfer funds to embezzle state capital means. After the two set off in this campaign: \powerful way to implement the privatization of a few people to let go plunder the property of people across the country. Is 10 years these two stages, \way out of workers so that they fall into the abyss of poverty. 【13】 c, uneven regional development policy in the region there are inherent factors in the imbalance, but the imbalance in government policy also needs to be attention to human factors. Southeastern coastal areas have been born in a market economy have geographical advantages and can long-term per capita income higher than the level of the Mainland, they are in the last 20 years has been the policy of treatment in the Mainland to enjoy much more than the benefits. Early 90s, the southeast coast of the rich and the poor old industrial base has been in sharp contrast, but some sectors of special preferential policies to the southeast coast of the bad habit is still no end. This has resulted in economic policy is a great spectacle: the developed countries have given the Government's special preferential policies difficult areas of poverty, and special preferential policies in China is concentrated to give the most affluent and prosperous areas. The result is the old industrial base in the decline of the unbearable financial burden, the formation of a large number of people today, the situation of absolute poverty, while the southeast coastal provinces are rich individual national crown. This results in regional rich-poor divide should not be regarded as fair.
Key words: gap between rich and poor; unequal interests; gap; fair; harmony


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