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mbt shoes ireland 不同落&#

 
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PostPosted: Fri 6:14, 04 Mar 2011    Post subject: mbt shoes ireland 不同落&#

不同落地姿势坠落伤的致伤特点与损伤严重度的评估
上肢发生损伤的机会增加,当头后仰坠落枕部晟先着地时.因丧失自身的保护机会.引起的颅脑损伤较前者重,同时,易造成肩部损伤。本组头着地1571,960,,以上在着地部位直接受力损伤,108例存在颅骨骨折.88例有脑挫伤,63例有颅内血肿.6例颈椎骨折,5例连锁胸、授椎压缩骨折,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]。躯干着地胸、腹腔内脏器损伤的发生率较高,本组77例躯干着地者有l1侧直接受力于胸部造成血气胸,22例直接受力于左季肋部引起脾破裂。由于坠落中躯体通常呈屈曲状,所以躯干着地时.内脏伤通常与身体受力部位的其它损伤并存。当肩部最先接触地面时,易引起上肢和头部伤;而髋部最先接触地面时,则易发生股骨颈、粗隆部及骨盏骨折臀部皮下脂肪垫较厚,且有丰富肌肉衬填,着地时具有一定缓冲作用;加之与地面接触面大可削弱反冲致伤力以这种姿势着地者,在直接受力部位损伤较轻的情况下.亦可由间接传导暴力上传引起脊柱压缩骨折。本组臀着地27例,坠落高度均在3米上.发生骨盆骨折8例.腰椎压缩骨折L2例,胸椎压缩骨折2例手着地时,由于触地后上肢难以抵挡人体继续下坠时的惯性冲击力.除可引起R、桡骨或舷骨骨折外.可使头颈或胸腹部第二次触地碰撞导致继发性损伤。本组手着地29例,全部病人均有上肢骨折.继发头颈部伤l0例.胸腹部伤8例不同落地姿势的损伤程度具有一定差异。应用AIS,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],ISS1]对本组病例损伤严重度进行定量评价.平均ISS值15.43.其中头着地ISS值最高(16.73),[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],依次是躯干着地(ISS值16.43)、手着地(ISS值l4.31)、脚着地(ISS值l3.46)、臀着地(ISS值l2.11)在本组l59例Iss>l6的重伤中,头着地占2.83.躯干着地占23.27分析头着i与躯干着地ISS值高的原因.主要是各自受力区域内脏器官遭受损伤的比率较大;而臀着地ISS值较低,主要是由于着地时与地面接触面犬反冲致伤力弱的缘故由此表明、落地姿势不仅决定损伤部位,而且决定损伤程度通常ISS值越高,则损伤程度越重,病死率越高。本组l6例死亡病人.ISS值均大于25.平均33.67,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],以头着地死亡居多(82)固此.结合不同落地姿势对伤者损伤严重度进行定量评估,对估计伤情、预测预后及临床救治有指导作用。但AISISS评分在某些方面尚有不足之处.由于这种评分对身体同一区域的多处伤只取其中一个最高AIS计算.因此不能充分反映腹部多脏器伤和多发性骨折的伤情;同时.对颅脑损伤者的严重度评估偏低,故在临床应用时应灵活掌握,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]。4
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