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Tibetan Buddhist murals in the West fell monsters change and Comparative Study of Western Art


Fell monsters into a so-called Road, the performance of the Sakyamuni Buddha during the coercion in the face of various demons and not moved by it, to reach the earth, make the earth to testify, and finally yield Magic Army story. Grottoes of Dunhuang Manuscripts in the (Note: The Dunhuang Grottoes Manuscripts P.2187, Bouton monk Master In order to facilitate comparison with the archaeological materials, it is summarized below: China paper Alliance finishing. Today I re-read Buddha Buddha does not make all the magic that can not, then released from the brow of light called the altar to destroy the magic, enchanted all over everything to make it shake, Dayton into the darkness ... ... At that time, evil devil ( Some people say that Simultaneous devil know he is so magic. Devil child Consequently, all Yaocha dove pan tea, magic waiting Luojia and Mating, and magic are all carnivorous ghost, Come show very bad phase. Although many see the brutal Buddha Looks very bad, but still as Verse said sentence, Then all the charming devil command from the right meaning of the witch Wyatt,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], all launched from the left is a terrible offensive magic class to the Buddha, the Bodhisattva of all the magic army fired at the various military devices, not only does not hurt the Buddha, and into a flower. Then the devil on the Buddha said: made many times in the 'no cover for the facilities'. Devil said: pressure with the right hand, the side for the verse: At this point, They display a pro-surgery confusion thirty-two kinds of Buddha, Bodhisattva mind intact. Devil does not mind even more complex music ... ... the magic throw all kinds of military arsenals, emerged in a variety of Magic and has not been the slightest chance of damage to the Buddha. Lost magic military array collapsing, when over seven days, and no aggregation was Longlai. Then the number of magic class also lit the one to fulfill the Buddha's heart. ... ... So in seven days the Buddha, not solve Jiafu Zuo, eyes watching Linden king. In seven days the line over the three thousand worlds. Three to seven days, Buddha said: In the four seven days, the Buddha as something between the short march into the devil Nirvana the Buddha, the Buddha to be allowed to those who had degree level, the side into the Nirvana. Devil heard, heart Younao, Suiqian the Witch (Note: Bouton: 3 to 6 century AD, India, the Indian territory along the wax, such as horses, Salmond Nath, South India, Amara Wati, Nagarjuna points, the West Indian Ajanta Buddhist stone carvings in other places, fell monsters into the Road Image widespread. According to studies, India, fell monsters first appeared in the figure, the main characters except Buddha, the focus on the performance of the devil and the witch. Devil head Daihua Li's crown, holding bow and arrow, and the three faithful performance of witch were very sensual goddess, others shaped the devil is often omitted. (Note: See 〔〕 house rule on Zhao: The stone reliefs, most of them are the devil and his entourage of armed attack to Buddha, and other types of magic despite the public much, but something. Such as the Museum of the Tibetan Welfare fell monsters map, the performance of all the magic mostly pig, elephant head, sheep's head, lion head, the beast head ape and other personal magic combination of all, in addition,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], there are people holding snakes, camels, and elephant dressed in spots. (Note: JMRosenfield, TheDynast-icArtsofthekushans, 1967, PL.81; A.LippetheFreerIndianSc-ulptures, 1970, PL.11.) Another in the Lahore Museum is a collection of stone fragments fell monsters relief map, above all the magic teeth exposed, sharp tip, tongue, mouth sharp teeth, cracked the amount of Phi hair, and some animal bones, facial features and human face together with each other, and some monster or a double-sided, as well as the puff, or on the side of the chest , gives a very strong sense of weird. (Note: I.LyonsandH.Ingholt, opcit, No.64; H. Hargreaves, TheBoddhaStoryinStone, Calcutta. 1924, P1, XIX.) The current age of the earliest known map of India Sanchi fell monsters, the first beams inside the second tower sculpture, which left for the , carved out of magic all the different patterns. Is that different from the Gandhara Art Gandhara sculpture seen here as strange Animal mask, but in exaggerated facial features to express the human face image, its form is the surface of a large round face, arrogance garlic nose, short puff legs. Some scholars believe that this image of the monster of the prototype, is likely to be derived from the ancient god of fertility in India - Yaksha, a similar image is also found in soil Kushan dynasty horse more than the Prince, and RB Nat Thalben dynasty, Magic all of which have been shaped into such a round face puff, short-legged dwarf Yaksha, such as Cave 1 of Ajanta murals in the courtyard, located on both sides of the top of the custard apple is still magic all the dwarf form of such Yasha . In Ajanta Cave No. 26, fell monsters into the road map in relief,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], on top of the screen there are crowded together, demons, and their head pig, lion, donkey (?) And other beast head, face out of the abdomen, are short-legged dwarf image, this image is considered to be the Animal mask Gandhara art and Indian art, like human dwarf Yasha image of each other in the absorption of fusion (Figure I). (Note: See 〔〕 house rule on Zhao: Buddhist art to the east, the Chinese murals and statues in the road map also appeared as Vanquishing. Decoding the library of Xinjiang in the spit of wood Kuding La Cave No. 14, then fell monsters painted the scene: living in the central Buddha, for meditation hard to like, the image is surrounded by ugly demons; (Note: Han Xiang,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Zhu Yingrong : attacks on his deeds. (Note: Han Xiang, Zhu Yingrong: ) and have gone through a stripping fell monsters map, published in the plump and look for the body side of the three witch frivolous,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the left was the three .) (Note: See Ng Cheuk: in, fell monsters into the channel map is also an important theme. In the Northern Wei and Northern Zhou Cave No. 254,263,260 times such as 428 caves, there are plans fell monsters appear. (Note: The Complete Works of Chinese Art Editor
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