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the decrease in premature mortality is not the only example of adult health showing improvement. there has been a reduction in the proportion at risk of mental illness, particularly among women. there have also been improvements in child health, with infant mortality continuing to fall slowly, both among those born to parents in the 'manual social classes' (social classes 5 to and among others. the rate among the former is, however, still 50% higher than among the latter. similarly, the proportion of babies born with a low birth weight has continued to fall. here, the risk among those born to parents in social classes 5 to 8 is about 20% higher than among others.
third, some progress has been recorded in the majority of the subjects monitored here. even if that progress is deemed insufficient, long-term, gradual policy change is needed, rather than radical short-term change, in order to try to preserve what it is good in what has been done so far. and this, of course, would be the case irrespective of who forms the next uk government.
education
second, there is a contrast between the broader view of social exclusion and the narrower focus on child poverty. along with the unemployment and lack of work that lies behind it, the child poverty targets have long been the higher priority for government. yet many of the other things that come under the heading of social exclusion now have the better record.
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fear of crime
conclusion
the group at greatest risk of unemployment are those aged under 25. the unemployment rate for 16- to 24-year-olds (that is, the number of unemployed people as a proportion of those either in work or unemployed) is over 18%, which is higher than at any point since 1993, when this statistic was first reported. the reason why this rate is so high is not that it has gone up much faster than the rate for older adults during the recession, but that even at its lowest, it never fell below 12%. young adult unemployment stopped falling as long ago as 2001.
one reason may be the decrease in the incidence of the crimes themselves, over ten years, to around half the level in the late 1990s.
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improvements are evident at age 16 as well, as the number of pupils attaining few or no gcses has reduced in recent years. in 2008, 70,000 pupils got fewer than 5 gcses of any grade, and 15,000 pupils obtained no gcses. both of these figures are the lowest for at least a decade.
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in 2009, around 15% of adults in england and wales said they were very worried about being a victim of violent crime. around 10% said they were very worried about being burgled. as figure 5 shows, both these figures are little more than half the levels of a decade earlier. most of this improvement had taken place by 2004, but even so, the proportions are still continuing to drift downward.
health
the recession is at the centre of this study, since it inevitably leads to lower employment,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], which in turn increases poverty. but,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], while important, the onset of recession is not the moment at which some trends became negative. instead, across several key indicators, it is now clear that the turning point came much earlier, in 2004 or 2005. as a result,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], it is not just a matter of recovering from the recession but also of recovering from the underlying problems that were already growing before the economic downturn began.
the proportion of people who die before the age of 65 has reduced by around one-sixth in the last decade (figure 4). the rate of premature death for men is much higher than for women � around 230 per 100,000 compared with 150 per 100,000. this difference in mortality risk becomes apparent early on. the mortality risk for men aged 15 to 24,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], whilst low compared with earlier years, is still over twice as high as for women of the same age.
in both english and mathematics,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the proportion of 11-year-olds not attaining minimum standards has fallen consistently for a decade (figure 3). this is true in schools with high levels of deprivation as well as schools in general. in 2008, around 30% of children in the most deprived schools and 20% of children in total did not attain these levels, compared with over 50% and 40% ten years earlier. in both cases, the most deprived schools are now at the level of average schools a decade ago.
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Peter De Witt - President

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s got more than cunning