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Posted: Mon 19:21, 11 Apr 2011 Post subject: belstaff bolsas An Dunni dynasty _207 |
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An Dunni dynasty
An Dunni Dynasty (AD 96-192 years)
An Dunni experienced a total of 6 Dynasty emperor's rule, and they are Nieer Wa, Trajan, Bernhard Liang, An Dunni, Mark Li slightly ① and Commodus Austria. Austrian heads of state management strategy will remove the title passed to his son Commodus, the rest of the succession is not based on blood, but to adoptive based. It is called Therefore, in the tradition established for him a
An Dunni dynasty can be clearly divided into two periods. This dynasty reign of the first four heads of state (AD 96-161) was the most stable period of the central government. At the time, not only political stability, economic development has also been rapid, Italy and the province of economic prosperity have emerged around the scene, no wonder then that people have called this period the Empire's
slightly but Mark started Olympic grounds, and prosperity within the empire disappeared, signs of the crisis of slavery everywhere. Border have begun to keep track of everything, a strong Parthian repeat offenders eastern Xinjiang, and when struggling against the Roman army when the Germans and take advantage of the north, Austria was forced to lead a force to be little reason to fight, the result for the plague infected and died in war. When Commodus to the throne, the Roman Empire has been in political and economic crisis on the eve of round.
one, Nie Erwa (Nerva ,96-98 years in office)
Nie Erwa old patriarch of the Roman noble birth, has been involved in secret plans to overthrow the year 96 years good palace coup, the latter became head of state elected by the Senate. Nie Erwa ascended the throne soon to swear, every major country who obtain consultation with the Senate, and to ensure that veterans are not random killings. In addition, he has some system of Rome made the necessary reforms. He pardoned exiled by Domitian who had their property restored to ease their hostility; established a relief to poor farmers and the poor child's system, and will return the value of 60 million Seth Adams of the land allocated to the poor; the same time He also eliminates a lot of taxes, reducing the estate tax, imposed on the Jews Xiang lifted the Vespa donations. Belt-tightening to make up for his loss of the national treasury. However, over the section Lian also caused dissatisfaction Guard soldiers. AD 98, the guards in the 卡斯佩里乌 斯埃里亚努 surrounded the palace under the leadership of Sri Lanka, requested the release of the assassination of the emperor Domitian's assassins, and killed several of his advisers. Nie Erwa stress on soldiers in the Guard was forced to make concessions. This gave him a great lesson to him to completely understand: there is no support for the head of the armed forces can not exercise the rule of empire. So,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], he follow the example of Augustus, a military general recognition himself, the Governor of Germania 马尔库斯多尔 on Phi Wusitula true for the step-son, and gave him the name Caesar and protect the people official power. As a result, not only became Nie Erwa Trajan's successor,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], but also became his co-ruler. Ventura is really a great commander in chief, has extensive administrative experience, and in his back is a strong corps on the Germanic. Nie Erwa the adoptive Trajan as his son will actually solve the consolidation of military factors in the difficult task of the new rule.
II Trajan (Trajan ,98-117 in the reign)
the beginning of the year 98 AD, Nie Erwa died of illness, is guarding the Trajan Cologne called to the throne.
Trajan was born in Spain, he was noble from the other provinces the first person to climb the throne head of state.
Tula really an excellent commander, but also a considerable administrative skills of the Archons. Given the loss of his former, more effective measures taken to ease the conflict in all aspects. He respected the Senate's political status, pay attention to the large absorption of the provinces east aristocratic slave owners to participate in the Senate to expand the basis of the Senate; his reform of local administration; appoint cronies dedicated to the provinces to do the Governor, to improve the central and line provincial relations; he understands the importance of training people's strength, is kept taxes low, reducing the burden on the people, and the form of loans by the Government to help small farmers earn a living. In addition, he followed the line created by Nie Erwa way,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], that is, a portion of the tax by the government set up a fund in the country to raise a pauper orphans. He won the Senate presented him with the
in foreign policy, while Trajan empire from the early tradition, but revived in the Republic of aggressive tendencies. In 101-106 AD, Trajan was the second attack on the Danube downstream of Dacia Xingbing people to overthrow the king 戴凯巴路斯 Dacia rule his kingdom into a province of Rome, and a large number of Roman soldiers and settlers to go there poor transplantation. Romania today is a Roman colony by these evolved.
Then Trajan again the target of aggression in Asia, and Parthia at war. Since the middle of the first century BC has been a Parthian rival the Roman Empire between the two wars, boundaries change from time to time. 105-106 AD, the Roman legions stationed in Syria, according to the command Trajan occupied Palestinian and Arab majority areas between the desert and the Sinai Peninsula, the establishment of a new province of Rome - the Arab provinces. Then, in AD 114, the Trajan Youyi Kingdom of Armenia were the pretext of sovereignty to the Parthian massive attack. He personally led occupation of the Armenian army, then swept south, occupied Mesopotamia, captured the Parthian capital of Fantasy abundance, leading to the Persian Gulf port. Trajan built on this land in three provinces, that is: to change the Armenian province of the Kingdom of Armenia; set up in the Assyrian Assyrian provinces displace; established in Mesopotamia Mesopotamia Province. After Trajan
the expansion of this series, the Roman Empire expanded to the maximum range. It Mesopotamia east, west and cloth in most parts of Britain, South packet Egypt, North Africa, the north, the Rhine and the Danube north of Dacia.
However, Trajan made in southwest Asia,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], these victories did not last long. Trajan to the Parthian war was going on with the occasion, it's behind the outbreak of the Jewish revolt, Trajan compelled by the situation and had to return in triumph from Mesopotamia, but in the way Ranji, died in southern Asia Minor Silesia. Trajan's death, he was then Mesopotamia those measures come to naught.
III, Hadrian (Hadrian ,117-138 in the reign)
Trajan in the dying of the machine, will be closed for the adopted son Hadrian. Hadrian is also a Spaniard, originally Trajan capable nephew. From early on, he followed Trajan fought the country, won the appreciation of the emperor, was often entrusted with the task. Shortly after the death of Trajan, he was pushing for the heads of the Syrian Army, soon after this action was the Senate's approval.
successor Hadrian did after the first important thing is to stop the Eastern war, conclude peace with the Parthian king. He gave up Trajan established the Assyrian province of Mesopotamia Province, and attached to Armenia once again become only the small kingdom of Rome, the Roman Empire in the east to the Euphrates border retracted. Hadrian clearly understand that only the full force of the empire under the cost of extreme tension, Trajan conquered the East can continue. In that time, the border forces north and west are empty, the residents of Mesopotamia, and obviously hostile to Rome, to stick in this case far beyond the right bank of the Euphrates River will be a new boundary extremely difficult task. In other border, Hadrian gave up the policy of large-scale attack, but only focus on the defense. In order to resist the Germans in the southward invasion, the southern part of Germany today he built a Great Wall, the upper reaches of the Upper Rhine and the Danube contiguous. He also built in the British east-west north of the island's
Hadrian Roman era bureaucratic state system an important stage of development. Empire of the bureaucratic management system in the Julian Yakelaodi had laid the foundation for the era. However, in the central bureaucracy was an important role in the release is to be slaves, because the heads of central agencies and governing bodies of private family business is no different, another member of the latter is released mainly from the heads of slaves and slaves. This situation does not meet the interests of the slave class, in particular, does not meet the interests of middle class slave owners. Therefore, we must change. To Flavio in power when the empire was released in the administration significantly reduced the number of slaves, knight empire level gradually became the main supplement those bureaucrats. To the Hadrian era, knights squeeze out almost all the slaves were released, and become a real official class.
At the same time, Hadrian Augustus also created by the consultant will become a head of state bureaucracy, the consultant will be officials and ordinary members of the same, to get a regular salary from the state treasury Therefore, the consultant will act independently in itself has lost the last traces of the emperor and became Yangcheng intention tools.
the reign of Hadrian's largest military operation, that is, the Palestinian military forces to suppress the Jewish uprising. AD 132, Hadrian patrol in Palestine, in Jerusalem, the site he wanted to build a new town on the other, to become Roman colonies. Meanwhile, the Lord wants the original temple of Jerusalem built on the site the main Roman Temple of Jupiter, to strengthen Jewish control. This leads to all the Jewish residents of the Palestinian large-scale uprising. Is the pastor who led the uprising dubbed the Ye Lie Saer and Bar - Keke Ba (meaning years to finally put down the uprising.
After the war, Palestine became a desert, the Jews will lose their rural state, Refugees all over the world until 1948, they did the consent of the United Nations and in the Palestinian territories established the
IV An Dunni (Antonius Pius ,138-161 in the reign)
138 AD, Hadrian died,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], his adopted son An Dunni ascended the throne, An Dunni Kazakh Deliang wife's nephew, nephew, is the first head of state came from Gaul. An Dunni rule in 23 years, he inherited the policy of Hadrian. To adjust all aspects of domestic relations. He ascended the throne after the first remove the people's taxes, will be a lot of private property donated to the state treasury, and all bear the holiday cost. The same time, buying wine, oil, rice, wheat, free to assign them to civilians. He is good at financial management, thrifty country, so after the death of Angela treasury, balance amounted to 2.7 billion back Seth Adams. He was diligent in affairs of state, He continued to pursue the legal freedom of Hadrian's policy of restrictions on the use of instruments of torture slaves, and severely punish the slave owner killed for no reason. He rewards of education, poor children school supplies, expand the privileges of teachers and philosophers. Externally, he advocates a defensive policy. But in order to defend the frontier, he held a number of military activities. In Britain, the Romans defeat the Scottish village of harassment, and northward to the border of 100 kilometers. In the northern Black Sea from the North Caucasus people to move forward A Lanni, Gong Xi are the north shore of the Greek cities, and then violated the Austrian Via; the Roman army to rescue from the U.S. Open West, and in one fell swoop repelled Alan Nigeria's invasion, eliminating A Lanni who large-scale devastation in the region.
five Austrian management strategies and Wei Lusi
AD 161, the An Dunni death of their adopted son Mark passed in the Austrian management strategies and Wei Lusi. By the two heads of state power, which is the first time in the history of Rome.
new head office at the beginning, the first encounter is the Parthian invasion. 161 AD, the Parthian King III, V Luo invaded Syria, Sri Lanka ranks, Wei Lusi shuaibing counterattack. At first, Rome very well, they not only will be removed from the Parthians Syria and Armenia, but also the depth of Mesopotamia, occupying the two Parthian capital - 塞列夫克亚 and Fantasy abundance. But did not last long, or in AD 166, Rome withdrew from Mesopotamia.
AD 167, Wei Lusi return after victory of Rome, has been warmly welcomed by the people of Rome. However, Wei Lusi bring victory in the good news to Rome, when Rome also bring disaster. A terrible disease with the arrival of Eastern Army spread rapidly throughout the Empire. Plague is not only spawned numerous swallowed, affecting manpower complement; but also reduced the Treasury's tax revenue, the country has serious financial crisis. All this gave the Germans to provide the conditions for the invasion.
168 AD, the Germanic tribes outside the flock south of the Danube, invaded the Roman Empire's border Kou land, of which Mark Manny, Vandals and boast the most ferocious German people. They not only ravaged the Roman province of large areas of the Northeast, but also cleared the door to enter Italy. The two heads of state from around the mobilization of troops quickly, and personally led the dangerous Mark Manny war. AD 169, the Wei Lusi barracks died due to illness, the Austrian little reason to continue to lead the war. After defeating barbarians at a number of the enemy agreed to surrender. In order to protect the northern frontier of Rome, and make a new attack against the Austrian management decided to let those who are willing to slightly serving tribes settled in the Roman Empire's northern border. Since then, the Germans will gradually become the main source of mercenaries of Rome, the Roman army begins its process of barbarians.
AD 178, the Marco Manny and Marquard was again attacked Empire border. Orie strategic military crusade system. AD 180, Orie slightly due to dye paper are rushing to die of the plague that (Vienna). Empire, the situation is extremely tense.
VI, Commodus
Austrian succession management is his own little son, Commodus. As early as 176 AD, the Commodus little reason to be appointed to the total Austrian ruler. Commodus was a dissolute, frivolous and indecisive figure. He made the throne after the first thing in favor of the other conditions, with Manny and Marco Marquard who concluded peace treaty.
return Rome, Commodus then buried in the capital among the various pleasures, the management of the affairs of state delivered to your favorites Guard Executive 培伦尼苏斯 et al. He often dressed up as gladiators and wild beasts fighting with hunters, beaten in the arena unarmed people and animals.
AD 183, there was conspiracy to murder the head of state events, participated in the event of a head of state his wife Tina and sister Chris leather pull Kai Okinawa. Plot of the leak, Commodus would massacre of the nobility, and a variety of ways to please the soldiers and the Roman people, to increase the salaries of guards, free to watch gladiator shows the Roman people, resulting in discipline corrupt state. 185, he was trying to shift the 培列尼苏斯 to the mutiny of the soldiers, either their treatment. Thereafter, he openly took part in the Gladiator and Gladiator himself moved to the barracks to go live. This frenzied action, causing the court Elegance their strong dissatisfaction. AD 192 December 30, the Guard Executive column Tucci-led court officials, staged a coup to kill Commodus in Gladiator barracks. An Dunni dynasty to this end.
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