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The Swiss Rolex Watches and clock industry appeared in Geneva in the middle of the 16th century. In 1541, reforms were implemented by Jean Calvin, among which the banning of the wear of jewels forced the goldsmiths and other jewelers to turn into a new, independent trade: watch-making. By the end of the century, Genevan watches had already reputed for their high quality. And watchmakers created in 1601 the Watchmakers' Guild of Geneva, following which a great number of this kind of associations were established elsewhere.
One century later, Geneva was crowded with watchmakers, so many of them decided to leave the city for the region of the Jura Mountains.
Watch-making in the Jura Mountains continued by a young goldsmith called Daniel Jeanrichard (1665-1741), who, for the first time, introduced the method of labor division in watch-making. In 1790, Geneva exported a total number of more than 60,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],000 watches.
The centuries were rich in inventions and new developements. In 1770,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Abraham-Louis Perrelet created the "perpetual" watch (in French "Montre à secousses"), the forerunner of the modern self-winding watch. In 1842, pendant winding watches were invented by Adrien Philippe, one of the founders of the famous Patek Philippe watch company. At the same time began the production of complicated watches and the introduction of special features such as the perpetual calendar, the fly-back hand and chronographs.
The mass production of watches began at the turn of the 20th century, thanks to the researches and new technologies introduced by reputed watchmakers such as Frédéric Ingold and Georges Léchot. The increase of the productivity, the interchangeability of parts and the standardization progressively led the Swiss watch industry to its world supremacy.
The end of World War I corresponds to the introduction of the wristwatch which soon became very popular. Its traditional round shape was generally adopted in 1960. In 1926, the first self-winding wristwatch was produced in Grenchen, the first electrical watches being introduced later in 1952.
In 1967, the Centre Electronique Horloger (CEH) in Neuch?tel developed the world first quartz wristwatch - the famous Beta 21. Since then, major technical developments followed without interruption: LED and LCD displays, Swatch, quartz wristwatch without battery, etc.
Now more than four centuries have passed, tradition,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], craftsmanship, high technologies and permanent innovation have guaranteed Swiss watch-making industry to keep its leadership in the watch market of the world. Despite of the crises it had to go through,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Swiss watch-making industry has always been in a position to answer the technological, economical and structural challenges it faced with. Its exceptional dynamism and creative power has made it a state-of-the-art industry, and many of the inventions and world records it has set are evidences: the first wristwatch, the first quartz watch, the first water-resistant wristwatch, the thinnest wristwatch in the world, the smallest or the most expensive watch in the world, etc. The number of the achievements Swiss watches have made is huge Rolex?enough to shock all of us. That's also why it can maintain its leading position in the world watch industry.